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Air cooling technology uses air flow to dissipate heat from the data center. According to the different air flow mode, air cooling technology can be divided into natural convection and forced convection. Natural convection relies on the thermal lift generated by the equipment's own heat, without additional energy consumption, but the heat dissipation efficiency is low. Forced convection speeds up the flow of air through devices such as fans, improving cooling efficiency but increasing energy consumption.

Water cooling technology uses water as a heat conduction medium, and takes away the heat generated by the equipment through the circulation of water. Water cooling technology has high heat dissipation efficiency and can be used in high-density data centers. However, water-cooling technology requires additional equipment and water resources and is expensive to maintain.

Evaporative cooling technology uses the principle of heat absorption when the liquid evaporates to dissipate the heat generated by the equipment through the evaporation process. This technology has the advantages of high heat dissipation efficiency and water saving, but there are some problems such as complex equipment and difficult maintenance.

Through coolant circulation in the equipment, directly absorb and take away heat. This cooling method is more efficient, but it is also relatively expensive and difficult to maintain.