The new energy battery dissipates heat through various methods to ensure efficiency and safety. Power batteries are crucial for new energy vehicles, significantly influencing their cost and driving range, thereby affecting consumer satisfaction. These rechargeable chemical batteries generate heat during the chemical reactions involved in charging and discharging. Without proper thermal management, this heat can cause battery damage or combustion accidents, given the flammability of components like the electrolyte.

Power battery packs consist of many individual cells. Manufacturers utilize the structural characteristics of batteries to aid in heat dissipation—for instance, the large gaps between cylindrical batteries and the extensive surface area of square batteries. Additionally, manufacturers employ several methods to manage heat:

1. Natural Heat Dissipation

   High thermal conductivity materials are used to create heat dissipation devices that connect to the battery pack, passively dispersing heat into the air. This method is cost-effective but offers limited heat dissipation efficiency.

2. Air Cooling

   Building on natural dissipation, fans with heat sinks are installed to enhance airflow and heat dispersion. This method speeds up the removal of heat from the battery pack.

3. Liquid Cooling

   A liquid-cooled radiator system is integrated into the battery pack. Heat from the battery transfers to the liquid, causing it to convect and circulate, thereby removing the heat more effectively.

4. Refrigerant Cooling

   This method uses a refrigerant that undergoes phase changes (from gas to liquid) to absorb and dissipate heat rapidly. It offers the best cooling performance but is the most expensive option.

Currently, most new energy vehicle batteries use air-cooling or liquid-cooling methods for heat dissipation.