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Heat Pipe Technology

Heat Pipe Technology

What is a Heat Pipe?

Heat pipe is a kind of heat conducting element with high thermal conductivity which relies on the phase change of internal working medium for efficient heat transfer, the temperature uniformity of the heat sink base and the efficiency of fin are realized by embedding fin in the heat sink base,  it transfers heat through evaporation and condensation of the working medium in a closed vacuum tube. (working medium of heat pipe includes helium and nitrogen at low temperature and liquid metals such as sodium and potassium at high temperature). The common working medium of heat pipe is ammonia, water, methanol, etc.), which makes use of the principle of capillary absorption and other fluids to achieve a good cooling effect. It has high thermal conductivity, good isotherm, high thermal conductivity, heat transfer area on both sides of cold and heat can be arbitrarily changed, heat transfer can be long-distance, and temperature can be controlled. By contacting the base of heat pipe heat sink with the core of thyristor, igbt, and other high-power power electronic devices, the heat of the core can be directly derived quickly. So as to realize the overall performance of heat sink, common types of aluminum, copper soldering heat sink has been can not meet the requirement of the thermal resistance, need to use new heat sink with heat pipe for better performance.




How does heat pipe cooling work?


Heat pipe is composed of sealing tube, suction core and steam channel. The suction core is surrounded on the wall of the sealed tube and impregnated with saturated volatile liquid. The liquid can be distilled water, ammonia, methanol or acetone. The heat pipe filled with liquid such as ammonia, methanol and acetone still has good heat dissipation ability at low temperature. How does heat pipe cooling work? When the heat pipe is running, its evaporation section absorbs the heat generated by the heat source ( power semiconductor device, etc.), making the liquid in its wick boil to steam. The heated steam moves from the evaporating section of the heat pipe to its cooling section, where it condenses into a liquid. The condensed liquid is then returned to the evaporation section through the capillary action of the suction core on the wall, so as to repeat the above cycle process of continuous heat dissipation.



Heat Pipe Type

Core parts made in heat pipe principle of low pressure is the use of liquid phase change efficient heat transfer device, its heat transfer efficiency is a traditional metal heat transfer several times to hundreds of times, can quickly take heat away from the heat source. Three common heat pipes

1. Grooved - Low Cost, does not work well against gravity

2. Wire Mesh - Most common method

3. Sintered - Highest performance and cost

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